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Microservices are easy to build… but very hard to connect. In this video, we break down how real microservices communicate using REST, GraphQL, and gRPC — and more importantly, when to use each. You’ll learn: • When REST is the right choice (and why it’s still everywhere) • How GraphQL solves over-fetching and under-fetching • Why gRPC is built for high-performance service-to-service communication • How these protocols are used together in real-world systems This is not just theory — this is how production systems are actually designed. Whether you're building backend systems, preparing for system design interviews, or just trying to understand modern APIs — this guide will give you clarity. ⏱️ Timestamps: 00:00 Introduction 00:30 Microservices Problem 01:10 REST Explained 02:00 Over-fetching 02:45 Under-fetching 03:35 GraphQL Explained 04:25 GraphQL Resolvers 05:10 gRPC Explained 05:55 Protocol Buffers 06:40 HTTP/2 Multiplexing 07:20 Comparison 08:05 Real Architecture 08:50 When to Use Each 09:35 Final Thoughts 💡 Key Takeaway: Don’t just build microservices — design how they communicate. 👍 If this helped, like and subscribe for more system design and backend content.